ABSTRACT
Motivational interviewing [M.I.] is an option for modifying an individual's behavior. It is used as an educational method in recent years. The aim of our study was to indicate whether or not education, using lecture alone and lecture with M.I., would affect the performance of nursing personnel regarding their hand hygiene. If so, which of these two methods were most effective for this purpose? This was an interventional study conducted in Bahrami Pediatric Hospital in Tehran. The study population consisted of all nursing personnel in the hospital. Considering the responsibilities of different nurses and their educational status, we divided them into three classes. The participants of each class were randomly assigned to either the control or experiment groups training lecture alone or lecture with M.I., respectively. We used Independent-t, Paired-t, Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests for analysis. Education using lecture alone improved the hand hygiene performance of nursing personnel only in the first and third classes [P = 0.002 and P = 0.001, respectively]. Similarly, lecture combined with M.I. improved the hand hygiene performance of personnel in the first and third classes [P < 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively]. The latter method was more effective compared to lecture alone in the first and third classes [P < 0.001 and P = 0.013, respectively]. Education based on lecturing improves hand hygiene performance among nursing personnel. It will be more effective if combined with M.I
ABSTRACT
Febrile convulsion [FC] is the most common seizure disorder in childhood. white blood cell [WBC] and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] are commonly measured in FC. Trauma, vomiting and bleeding can also lead to WBC and ESR so the blood tests must carefully be interpreted by the clinician. In this cross sectional study 410 children[163 with FC], aged 6 months to 5 years, admitted to Bahrami Children hospital in the first 48 hours of their febrile disease, either with or without seizure, were evaluated over an 18 months period. Age, sex, temperature; history of vomiting, bleeding or trauma; WBC, ESR and hemoglobin were recorded in all children. There was a significant increase of WBC [P<0.001] in children with FC so we can deduct that leukocytosis encountered in children with FC can be due to convulsion in itself. There was no significant difference regarding ESR [P=0.113] between the two groups. In fact, elevated ESR is a result of underlying pathology. In stable patients who don't have any indication of lumbar puncture, there's no need to assess WBC and ESR as an indicator of underlying infection. If the patient is transferred to pediatric ward and still there's no reason to suspect a bacterial infection, there is no need for WBC test
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Leukocyte Count , Blood Sedimentation , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Shigella infections are one of the major causes of diarrhea worldwide and especially in developing countries. This study was conducted to investigate clinical symptoms, predisposing factors and effective antibiotic regimens in children hospitalized for clinical dysentery. Children older than 6 months admitted for gastroentritis in Bahrami hospital in Tehran from September 1998 to September 2001 with a positive fecal culture for Shigella were included in this study. The data was gathered from patients' records. From 173 patients, 46.2% were females mostly aged 2-5 years. More than 50% of patients were admitted in summer. The frequency of anemia was 31.8% and 34.7% were under the median growth curve. Except diarrhea, the most frequent clinical manifestations of shigellosis were fever [98.2%], dehydration [87.2%] and convulsion [68.2%]. 135 [78%] patients received Nalidixic acid and the rest was treated with ceftriaxone as the first choice because of their poor condition on admission. Nine [5.2%] patients died with Ekiri syndrome and sepsis manifestation despite antimicrobial treatment. The mortality rate in this study was higher than in other studies. Fifty-six percent of mortality cases was due to Ekiri syndrome and the remainder was due to sepsis in children less than 1 year old. We found no specific clinical symptom or sign for shiglosis